This piece from One World South Asia discusses the roots of Women's Day:
The corporate sponsors of this new genre of IWD celebrations would probably blanche if they knew the radical origins of the day they now profit from. Ironically, it was from the trade union and socialist movements that the initial concept of the day emerged. The idea is believed to have emanated from the strikes by female textile workers in New York City in 1857 and 1908 to protest against poor working conditions.
But the first Women’s Day is usually traced back to a large demonstration on February 28, 1909, organised by the National Association of Socialist Women in the USA and calling for recognition of women’s political and economic rights, including the right to vote. Women’s Day continued to be observed in the US on the last Sunday of February every year till 1913.
It was in 1910 that the concept went international, with over 100 women from 17 countries endorsing the proposal for an International Women’s Day put forward at the Second International Conference of Socialist Women held in Copenhagen. The next year more than one million women and men attended mid-March rallies in several European countries.
In addition to women’s right to suffrage and to hold public office, they demanded the right to work and to vocational training, as well as an end to discrimination on the job. A tragic fire in a garment factory in New York that year, which killed more than 140 young women workers, ensured that subsequent IWD events continued to focus attention on the situation of working class women.
In 1913, on the eve of the First World War, the IWD agenda was expanded, with women in Russia and elsewhere in Europe using the occasion to advocate peace and, later, to protest war. In 1917, with two million Russian soldiers dead, Russian women again chose the last Sunday in February to strike for "bread and peace".
Four days later the czar was forced to abdicate and the provisional government granted women the right to vote. That historic Sunday apparently fell on February 23, according to the Julian calendar then followed in Russia, but on March 8 according to the Gregorian calendar used elsewhere.
Later, in the 1970s, with the United Nations also endorsing the annual commemoration of IWD on March 8, the event took on a more global and official character, emerging as a rallying point in both ‘developed’ and ‘developing’ countries for coordinated efforts to demand women's rights and participation in political and economic processes.
The rest of it is also illuminating. I wasn't aware of this, but over there Women's Day is more of a marketing device these days. H'mmm...